Форум ветеринарной клиники Белый Клык

Необходимо узнать почему у моего кобеля, в возрасте 5 лет (порода карликовый шпиц Померанец) появились залысины на ляжках задних лап?

У этой породы часто бывает так называемая Х алопеция. Прикрепите фото, будет легче понять, в чем дело. Эта болезнь связана с половыми гормонами, не всегда лечится, но иногда помогает кастрация.

Фото 1
Фото 2

Да, довольно похоже. Для подтверждения диагноза требуется проведения биопсии кожи.

Екатерина Сергеевна, как должно звучать заключение гистолога при подобной патологии?

Можно я не буду перепечатывать гистокартину? Наберите в google.com или pubmed.com 'X alopecia histo' - найдете описание.


All initial biopsies were classified as having a noninflammatory
alopecia. The histopathological findings are summarized
in Table 1. All tissues showed hyperkeratosis and
follicular keratosis. Telogen hairs with prominent trichilemmal
keratinization (flame follicles) were evident in all but
two dogs. The epidermis was 1–2 cell layers thick in all,
but one dog in which the epidermis was 3–4 cell layers
thick, and occasional follicles appeared malformed in all
but two dogs (Fig. 1). A median of two anagen bulbs was
noted in biopsies from each dog (range 0–8). Biopsies
from 11 dogs contained only small anagen bulbs (Fig. 2),
one dog had a large anagen bulb and two dogs had minimal
numbers of both large and small anagen bulbs. Sebaceous
and apocrine glands were present in all tissues. All
but two had pigmentation of the epidermis. Prominent
aggregates of melanin were present in follicular keratin
from tissue samples from 10 dogs and within basal cells
of the epidermis and hair bulbs in three dogs (two black
and one orange). Three dogs had pigment aggregates in
the sebaceous gland ducts.

Table 1. Histopathological characteristics of follicular arrest in 15
Pomeranian dogs before and after 3 months of melatonin
Histopathology No. (before) No. (after)
Hyperkeratosis 15 15
Follicular keratosis 15 15
Prominent tricholemmal keratin 13 10
Thin epidermis 14 15
Malformed follicles 13 12
Epidermal pigmentation 13 7
Melanin aggregates
Follicular keratin 10 8
Basal cells 3 4
Sebaceous gland ducts 3 3